Release date: 2015-03-06 Recently, MIT Technology Review magazine released the list of Top 10 Breakthrough Technologies 2015. Among them, liquid biopsy, brain organ (Brain Organoids), DNA Internet and other technologies closely related to life sciences are on the list. Liquid biopsy: a quick and easy way to detect cancer blood Professor Lu Yuming is known as the founder of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. As early as 1997, his team found the presence of free fetal DNA in maternal plasma, and it was this study that produced a safer and simpler method for testing Down's syndrome. Currently, Professor Lu is competing with laboratories around the world to develop cancer screening technology based on simple blood tests, namely liquid biopsy. Dyed cancer cells release DNA into the bloodstream, but in the early stages of cancer, cancer cells release very little DNA and are masked by healthy DNA entering the circulatory system, making it difficult to detect. Professor Lu said: "Our goal is very clear, is to develop a blood test, find it before the cancer can be cured." Professor Lu’s hospital is conducting two large studies related to DNA testing. One of them was to track 1,000 patients with hepatitis B and verify that DNA testing can detect liver tumors earlier than ultrasound. Another study involving 20,000 people is associated with nasopharyngeal cancer. This cancer may be related to salted fish, genetic susceptibility, and Epstein-Barr virus infection. The test method developed by Professor Lu is to detect the viral DNA released by inactivated cancer cells in human plasma. Professor Lu said: "Although the current risk of predicting cancer through DNA testing is still high, with the continuous development of sequencing technology, early screening for cancer will become cheaper and more widely used. The cost of fetal testing before. It's also expensive, but it has now dropped to $800, and I believe that the same thing will happen to cancer." The commercial benefits of liquid biopsy have also recently exploded. Jay Flatley, CEO of sequencing giant Illumina, said the market for liquid biopsy is at least $40 billion. He said the technology could be the most exciting breakthrough in cancer diagnostics and said Illumina will begin providing researchers with liquid biopsy kits to help find early signs of cancer. In addition, in addition to being used for cancer screening, liquid biopsy can also be used to help people fight disease. Doctors can select the appropriate drug and treatment plan based on specific DNA mutations that drive cancer development. There are many types of cancer, and the cause is quite complicated. Researchers must systematically understand their cases so that liquid biopsy can really save lives. Brain Organs: A New Tool to Uncover the Mechanism of Brain and Neurological Diseases In a study published in the journal Nature in 2013, Austrian scientists successfully used stem cells to produce "brain organs." The composition of these organs is similar to that of a 9-week or 10-week-old embryo. In the early stages of development, some major regions of the human brain, as well as regions such as the midbrain and hindbrain, already have identifiable features, including the dorsal cortex, the ventral forebrain, and the choroid plexus that produces cerebrospinal fluid. These features were also found in the same area of ​​the cultivated mini brain. The reason why this technology is very useful is because the growth of "brain organs" reflects many aspects of human brain development. If an observable error occurs during the growth of an organ, scientists can identify the underlying cause, mechanism, and even treatment. The researchers used the model of the organ to study the microcephaly of neurodevelopmental diseases. The area of ​​brain that they are most interested in is the dorsal cortex, which is most susceptible to this disease. The researchers used a cell extracted from a patient with hereditary microcephaly to grow some of the organoids and then compared it to a mini-brain that was bred with cells from healthy participants. In the organoids cultivated by cells of microcephaly patients, the number of stem cells transformed into nerve cells (this process is called differentiation) exceeds the number of mini-brains that are cultivated using healthy participant cells. Arnold Kriegstein, a neurobiologist at the University of California, San Francisco, believes that the results of this study are a testament to the theory of microcephaly development. The premature differentiation of nerve cells in patients with microcephaly may be the mechanism behind this disease. The study's use of tissue formed by human stem cells can be a potential neurological model for scientists to study. This technology opens up new windows for understanding how neurons grow and function, and helps people understand the underlying activities of the brain. Researchers are currently using "brain organs" to study the causes of diseases such as schizophrenia, autism and epilepsy. DNA Internet: The next subversion in the medical field Millions of genomic networks around the world will likely become the next great advancement in the medical field. But can this be achieved, not by watching technology, but by seeing people willing? Noah is a 6-year-old boy with an unknown disease. He is stunted, can only say a few words, and his condition is getting worse. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that his cerebellum was shrinking. A medical geneticist at the Children's Hospital in Eastern Ontario analyzed his DNA. But unless you find a patient with the same symptoms as him, you can determine exactly where the DNA is wrong. This year, his doctor is ready to upload his genetic information to the Internet to see if someone in the world has the same genetic information as someone. David Haussler, a bioinformatics expert at the University of California, says one of the big problems with building a DNA Internet is that genome sequencing is largely out of the Internet, the most convenient tool for information sharing. This is very helpless. More than 200,000 people have already performed whole-genome sequencing, and this number will definitely rise sharply in the next few years. Future medical advances depend on large-scale comparisons of these genomic data, but many scientists are not prepared for this because of the current level of data sharing. Haussler is one of the founders and technology leaders of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GAGH). Founded in 2013, GAGH is a consortium of medical institutions, universities and companies established to promote the sharing of genetic data. For the organization, the biggest difficulty currently facing is not a technical issue but a social issue. On the one hand, scientists refuse to share genetic data. On the other hand, putting a person's genomic information on the Internet also involves privacy issues. Currently, Haussler and other members of the Alliance are working to resolve this difficult issue. Imagine that in the near future, you are not lucky enough to have cancer. Doctors can use your DNA sequencing results to understand which mutations are causing cancer. Then search the DNA Internet for patients with the same mutations, and according to their medication records, doctors can make better choices about how to treat you. The ideal is good, but how long does it take to achieve it? The other seven breakthroughs are: 1, Magic Leap As a startup, Magic Leap has invested hundreds of millions of dollars to develop a device that makes virtual objects look like they are in real life. This technology will bring new opportunities to industries such as film, gaming, travel and telecommunications. 2, nanostructure Scientists at the California Institute of Technology have invented a miniature lattice that allows the material structure to be precisely tailored to ensure strength and flexibility while being very lightweight. 3, inter-car communication With this simple wireless technology, cars can communicate with one another, reducing car accidents. 4, Google Project Loon Project Loon uses high-air balls to provide reliable, low-cost Internet access that covers the remote world. 5, large-scale desalination The cost of desalination will fall sharply and support most of the water in a given country. 6, Apple Pay mobile payment Apple's mobile payment service allows users to turn their phones into wallets in their daily lives for fast and secure payments. 7, accelerate photosynthesis Through this advanced genetic tool, the speed at which food crops use sunlight to convert energy will increase dramatically, thereby increasing food production and providing food to more people around the world. Source: Bio-Exploration Introduction: Dried White Garlic,Dried Whole Garlic ,Dehydrating Whole Garlic Cloves,Dried White Garlic Flowers shandong changrong international trade co.,ltd. , https://www.changronggarliccn.com
The bulb of garlic,an allium plant in the lily family.with the pungent flavor and spicy taste.spherical shape with a diameter of 3-6.5cm. The surface is covered with white and papery-skin.
The top is slightly pointed, with residual scape in the middle,many fibrous root marks at the base. After peeling off the skin, a single head or 6 to 16 petal-shaped small bulbs, inserted around the base of the remaining flower stems. The bulbous valve is slightly ovoid, with a membranous outer skin, slightly pointed at the apex, and an arcuate bulge on one side.
In order to ensure the maximum freshness and nutrients.
We adhere to the traditional natural drying method without any human intervention.
Specification
Brand:Changrong
Variety:Liliaceous Vegetables
Color:Pure white/Normal white
Nutrition:
Manganese: 2% of the Daily Value
Vitamin B6: 2% of the DV
Vitamin C: 1% of the DV
Selenium: 1% of the DV
Fiber: 0.06 grams
Decent amounts of calcium, copper, potassium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B1